Definitions and Interpretations of Rhetorical Irony

Definitions and Interpretations of Rhetorical Irony To state a certain something however to mean something different - that might be the most straightforward meaning of incongruity. Be that as it may, in truth, theres nothing at all straightforward about the expository idea of incongruity. As J.A. Cuddon says in A Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory (Basil Blackwell, 1979), incongruity evades definition, and this subtlety is one of the principle reasons why it is a wellspring of so much intrigued request and hypothesis. To empower further request (as opposed to decrease this mind boggling figure of speech to shortsighted clarifications), weve accumulated an assortment of definitions and translations of incongruity, both antiquated and present day. Here youll locate some repetitive topics just as certain purposes of contradiction. Does any of these essayists give the single right solution to our inquiry? No. Be that as it may, all give food to thought. We start on this page with some expansive perceptions about the idea of incongruity - a couple of standard definitions alongside endeavors to characterize the various sorts of incongruity. On page two, we offer a concise review of the manners in which that the idea of incongruity has advanced in the course of recent years. At long last, on pages three and four, various contemporary scholars talk about what incongruity means (or appears to mean) time permitting. Definitions and Types of Irony The Three Basic Features of IronyThe head impediment in the method of a straightforward meaning of incongruity is the way that incongruity is definitely not a basic wonder. . . . We have now introduced, as essential highlights for all irony,(i) a difference of appearance and reality,(ii) a sure ignorance (imagined in the ironist, genuine in the survivor of the incongruity) that the appearance is just an appearance, and(iii) the comic impact of this ignorance of a differentiating appearance and reality.(Douglas Colin Muecke, Irony, Methuen Publishing, 1970)Five Kinds of IronyThree sorts of incongruity have been perceived since artifact: (1) Socratic incongruity. a veil of blamelessness and obliviousness embraced to win a contention. . . . (2) Dramatic or terrible incongruity, a twofold vision of what's going on in a play or genuine circumstance. . . . (3) Linguistic incongruity, a duality of importance, presently the exemplary type of incongruity. Expanding on the possibility of emoti onal incongruity, the Romans presumed that language frequently conveys a twofold message, a second regularly taunting or harsh importance negating the first. . . .In present day times, two further originations have been included: (1) Structural incongruity, a quality that is incorporated with messages, in which the perceptions of a gullible storyteller point up further ramifications of a circumstance. . . . (2) Romantic incongruity, in which essayists contrive with perusers to share the twofold vision of what's going on in the plot of a novel, film, etc.(Tom McArthur, The Oxford Companion to the English Language, Oxford University Press, 1992) Applying IronyIronys general trademark is to make something comprehended by communicating its inverse. We can consequently detach three separate methods of applying this explanatory structure. Incongruity can allude to (1) singular metaphors (ironia verbi); (2) specific methods of deciphering life (ironia vitae); and (3) presence completely (ironia entis). The three components of ironytrope, figure, and general paradigmcan be comprehended as expository, existential, and ontological.(Peter L. Oesterreich, Irony, in Encyclopedia of Rhetoric, altered by Thomas O. Sloane, Oxford University Press, 2001)Metaphors for IronyIrony is an affront passed on as a commendation, implying the most annoying parody under the style of laudatory; putting its casualty exposed on a bed of briars and thorns, meagerly secured with rose leaves; embellishing his forehead with a crown of gold, which copies into his cerebrum; prodding, and worrying, and riddling him totally with ceaseless releases of superstar from a veiled battery; uncovering the most touchy and contracting nerves of his brain, and afterward flatly contacting them with ice, or smilingly pricking them with needles.(James Hogg, Wit and Humor, in Hoggs Instructor, 1850) Incongruity SarcasmIrony must not be mistaken for mockery, which is immediate: Sarcasm implies definitely what it says, however in a sharp, harsh, cutting, burning, or acerb way; it is the instrument of anger, a weapon of offense, though incongruity is one of the vehicles of wit.(Eric Partridge and Janet Whitcut, Usage and Abusage: A Guide to Good English, W.W. Norton Company, 1997)Irony, Sarcasm, WitGeorge Puttenhams Arte of English Poesie shows thankfulness for inconspicuous explanatory incongruity by interpreting ironia as Drie Mock. I attempted to discover what incongruity truly is, and found that some old author on verse had talked about ironia, which we call the drye false, and I can't think about a superior term for it: the drye mock. Not mockery, which resembles vinegar, or pessimism, which is regularly the voice of baffled optimism, however a sensitive throwing of a cool and enlightening light on life, and in this way a development. The ironist isn't unpleasant, he doesn't l ook to undermine everything that appears to be commendable or genuine, he disdains the modest scoring-off of the wisecracker. He stands, as it were, fairly at one side, watches and talks with a balance which is every so often adorned with a glimmer of controlled embellishment. He talks from a specific profundity, and accordingly he isn't of a similar sort as the mind, who so regularly talks from the tongue and no more profound. The brains want is to be amusing, the ironist is just clever as an auxiliary achievement.(Roberston Davies, The Cunning Man, Viking, 1995) Vast IronyThere are two wide uses in regular speech. The first identifies with inestimable incongruity and has little to do with the play of language or figural discourse. . . . This is an incongruity of circumstance, or an incongruity of presence; it is as if human life and its comprehension of the world is undermined by some other significance or plan past our forces. . . . The word incongruity alludes to the furthest reaches of human importance; we don't see the impacts of what we do, the results of our activities, or the powers that surpass our decisions. Such incongruity is vast incongruity, or the incongruity of fate.(Claire Colebrook, Irony: The New Critical Idiom, Routledge, 2004) A Survey of Irony Socrates, That Old FoxThe most compelling model throughout the entire existence of incongruity has been the Platonic Socrates. Neither Socrates nor his counterparts, be that as it may, would have related the wordâ eironeiaâ with current originations of Socratic incongruity. As Cicero put it, Socrates was continually claiming to require data and proclaiming adoration for the insight of his friend; when Socrates conversationalists were irritated with him for carrying on along these lines they called himâ eiron, an obscene term of censure alluding for the most part to any sort of wily misleading with suggestions of joke. The fox was the image of the eiron.All genuine conversations ofâ eironeiaâ followed upon the relationship of the word with Socrates.(Norman D. Knox, Irony, The Dictionary of the History of Ideas, 2003)The Western SensibilitySome venture to such an extreme as to state that Socrates unexpected character initiated a particularly Western reasonableness. His incongr uity, or his capacityâ notâ to acknowledge regular qualities and ideas yet live in a state ofâ perpetualâ question, is the introduction of theory, morals, and consciousness.(Claire Colebrook, Irony: The New Critical Idiom, Routledge, 2004) Cynics and AcademicsIt isn't without cause that such a large number of amazing rationalists became Skeptics and Academics, and prevented any assurance from securing information or appreciation, and held conclusions that the information on man stretched out just to appearances and probabilities. The facts demonstrate that in Socrates it should be nevertheless a type of irony, Scientiam dissimulando simulavit, for he used to disguise his insight, as far as possible to upgrade his knowledge.(Francis Bacon, The Advancement of Learning, 1605)From Socrates to CiceroSocratic incongruity, as it is developed in Platos dialogues,â is thereforeâ a technique for ridiculing and exposing the assumed information on his questioners, subsequently driving them to truth (Socratic maieutics). Cicero builds up incongruity as a talk figure which faults by acclaim and acclaims by fault. Aside from this, there is the feeling of deplorable (or sensational) incongruity, which centers around th e differentiation between the heroes obliviousness and the observers, who know about his deadly predetermination (as in Oedipus Rex).(Irony, in Imagology: The Cultural Construction and Literary Representation of National Characters, altered by Manfred Beller and Joep Leerssen, Rodopi, 2007) Quintilian OnwardsSome of the rhetoricians perceive, however as though in passing, that incongruity was considerably more than a normal logical figure. Quintilian says [in Institutio Oratoria, deciphered by H.E. Butler] that in theâ figurativeâ form of incongruity the speaker masks his whole importance, the camouflage being obvious instead of admitted. . . .However, having addressed this marginal where incongruity stops to be instrumental and is looked for as an end in itself, Quintilian steps back, appropriately for his motivations, to his useful view, and in actuality conveys almost two centuries worth of rhetoricians alongside him. It was not until well into the eighteenth century that scholars were constrained, by touchy improvements in the utilization of incongruity itself, to start considering unexpected impacts by one way or another independent artistic finishes. And afterward obviously incongruity burst its limits so successfully that men at long last excused just useful incongruities as not even unexpected, or as self-clearly less artistic.(Wayne C. Booth, A Rhetoric of Irony, University of Chicago Press, 1974) Infinite Irony RevisitedIn The Concept of Ironyâ (1841), Kierkegaard explained the possibility that incongruity is a method of seeing things, a method of survey presence. Afterward, Amiel in his Journal Intimeâ (1883-87) communicated the view that incongruity springs from a percep

Employees Turnover: the Effectiveness of an Organization

Representatives Turnover: the Effectiveness of an Organization Official Summary Profitability or adequacy of an association as often as possible endures because of elevated level of truancy and specialist turnover. There is proof that every single concerned proprietor, contractual workers and laborers are keen on settling issue. This examination analyzes the source and size of issue and suggestions to diminish it. For this reason we have directed meetings and writing review so as to examine the association viability. This report depicts a HR the board apparatus for diminishing turnover at Dancom Communication. High representative turnover resembles recoil. It cuts into the main concern, yet it tends to be controlled. There are numerous potential foundations for turnover. Positively, region financial conditions just as different factors, for example, work economic situations, impact general turnover rates. In intentional turnovers are hard to legitimately oversee anyway are deliberate turnover that can be overseen. The reason for this writing study is to allot the significant factors of our current issue i.e How does representatives turnover influence the adequacy of association. With the assistance of these factors we a can survey the factors identified with our concern for organizing hypothetical system. This review incorporates the circumstance which had happened in past with others organizations and how those organizations manage these variable methods how they tackled various issues. In the wake of finishing writing overview and characterizing issue there is have to create structure. In it we attempt to talk about the interrelationship among the factors that are regarded to be vital to the elements of the circumstance being researched. Various factors can influence the adequacy of association we are thinking about terrifically significant factors that can impact organization. After the exhaustive investigation of writing overview we deduct a few factors, which can turn into a reason that can impact the deals and remembering we cause schematic chart of the hypothetical system with the goal that the peruser to can see and effectively appreciate the estimated relationship. The exploration structure, which includes a progression of sane dynamic decisions, the different gave associated with the examination configuration, will be talked about here. Like Purpose of the examination, Types of examination, Extent of specialist impedance, Study setting , Measurement and measures, Unit of investigation, Sampling, Time skyline and Data assortment technique. However, the speculation articulation, which we are going to evidence, it will go under theories testing study. This examination that take part in speculations testing for the most part clarify the idea of specific connections, or build up the distinctions among gatherings or the freedom of at least two factor in a circumstance Causal sort of examination is done, when it is important to set up a conclusive circumstances and logical results relationship, in any case, if the scientist basically needs a simple ID of the significant components related with the issue then a relationship study is called. Relationship sort of examination will be reasonable for our exploration, really our speculations is powerful pay has positive effect on hierarchical viability Thats why we select this strategy to distinguish the significant factor related with the issue. A relationship study is led in the indigenous habitat of the association, with the analyst meddling negligibly with the ordinary progression of work. Authoritative research should be possible in the indigenous habitat where work continues ordinarily (no imagined settings) or in counterfeit, thought up settings. As we have chosen relationship examination strategy with least obstruction, at that point consequently our investigation setting will be no invented. Its mean our examination will be lead under common habitat. What we will apply in our venture that is proportion scale and stretch scale in light of the fact that these scales give most extreme precision in estimating the variable. Despite the fact that the strategy we have chosen for examination is relationship that give less precision as contrast with causal. In this undertaking we chose people and authoritative as a unit of investigation, and this choice is coordinate with the meaning of unit of examination.. Why we picked likelihood testing? Since the example we get from likelihood have the nature of delegates. We have demonstrated that there is sure connection among pay and adequacy. By expanding the consistency standard. Holding hourly workers. Improving administration maintenance. Preparing first than advancing. Appealing pay bundles. To spur workers. The board through choice. Chapter by chapter list Issue Statement Wide Problem Area Starter information gathering Unstructured Interviews Writing Survey Hypothetical structure Age of speculation Research plan Reason for Study Kind of study Study setting Unit of Analysis Time Horizon Inspecting Information Analysis Information Interpretation End/Deduction Proposal to Management Target OF STUDY: The fundamental goal of our venture is to apply our idea and information in handy situation. Furthermore, how the associations are getting upper hands through leading business look into. These days, as we probably am aware association can build their gainfulness, consumer loyalty, and profitability by directing business inquire about. Since through business look into we can distinguish the genuine issue and its motivation. That is the reason, we can say that exploration produces choice to tackle issues. By getting arrangement of the issues in time we can maintain our business easily and adequately. BRIEF INTRODUCTION OF COMPANY Dancom Pakistan (Pvt.) Ltd. was set up in 1995 under the Company s Ordinance 1984. Our significant investor, Dancom Telecommunication (M) Sdn Bhd Malaysia gives all out Telecom IT answers for the Malaysian marker and abroad too. The gathering spends significant time in savvy innovation based item applications, cell organizations; IT related tasks Digital TV, Broadband remote and turnkey arrangements identified with media transmission ventures. The Company, center quality lies in its best in class telecom frameworks sending, committed skill to oversee and work the center system, and a powerful after deals encouraging group of people of more than 6 workplaces al over Pakistan with more than 800 staff. Dancom built up the telecom administrations with a strategic give simple and sensible access to the workforce of general purchasers. Since 1997,Dancom s group has put forth steady attempts to build up its administrations all over Pakistan including the remotest parts, for example, AJK, Northern Areas and the other distant zones of the four regions of the nation. To meet the prerequisite of the corporate division for its web based systems administration all over Pakistan, Dancom has effectively sent and tried the framework, which is equipped for giving wire line and remote network. Dancom likewise gives oversaw Internet get to administration to Corporate/SME/SOHO and furthermore offers turnkey arrangements including LAN WAN help. THE RESEARCH PROCESS: In this area we will examine every single step of research process that is: Issue Statement Expansive Problem Area Primer information gathering Hypothetical casing work Age of speculation Research plan Information examination Information translation End/Deduction Suggestion to Management Issue Statement: How does workers turnover influence the viability of association? Wide Problem Area: Workers turnover is a major issue in association and warrants consideration. Poor oversight, inefficient associations with chief, lack of common sense, non-appealing bundles, non-inspiration and by and large poor administration are the prime explanations behind turnover. Lower turnover offers an expansive scope of profitability gains. As the turn over lies in all the associations however we have chosen one association (Dancom Company). So as to execute our idea and information in regards to representatives turnover. What are the reasons for worker turnover? How it causes the inadequacy of associations, How to decrease it? In expansive issue region our attention is on these three things: Foundation data of the association Organization polices Recognition conduct reactions of association individuals In foundation data in the association we have root and history of the organization when it appeared business is in possession and control, Size in term s of representatives, resources reason and belief system. Foundation detail of the organization we acquired from distributed records site of the organization. Representatives turnover is expansive territory, which incorporates talented and untalented specialists yet we are concentrating on gifted laborers. Incompetent specialists turnovers are unimportant with presumption of 100% of work accessibility in Pakistan. Pakistan being creating nation joblessness is more than different nations. So untalented workforce is accessible whenever. So it doesn't make any commitment to hierarchical viability. Talented specialists can influence more the viability of association. This examination is focused on the accomplishing profitability gains in association through an improved comprehension of circumstances and end results of turnover, explicitly, the investigation looked to: Check the issue. Examine the major contributing components. Measure the expenses. Offer proposal for remedial activity. Primer Data Collection: How study was made: A gathering individual from our gathering was held to devise a survey, in light of groups comprehension of the handy issues to recognize the purpose behind turnover from laborers point of view. The poll was structured explicitly to gauge laborer or workers disposition about their activity and to research fundamental foundations for turnover. Fundamental information was gathered from various assets to envision potential issue. During overview various workers were gotten some information about intentional end. So as to get data about on venture

Histopathology

Question: Examine each area of histological recoloring with respect to the clinical history. Give detail depiction of exceptional stains and their application. Answer: Presentation Stainingis a helping framework utilized in microscopyto repair differentiate in the microscopicalsamples.Staining has huge significance in histology and immunohistochemistry. Histological stains are expectedly indispensable so as to watch cell plans and intracellular or extracellular constituents at the infinitesimal level. Histopathology is a significant instrument for diagnosing patients and discovering the specific sickness they are enduring with (1). Stains are obtained either from normal sources or from artificially created. These stains are utilized in histopathology for discovery of carcinomas, contaminations and other tissue irregularities. The histopathological recoloring are subject to recoloring of different cell parts, tissue shade, remote bodies and contagious or bacterial microorganisms (2). Histological recoloring are sorted dependent on biochemical and physical standards. The most ordinarily utilized recoloring techniques are HE recoloring, unique recoloring and Immun ohistochemical recoloring (5). The standard point of this report is to discover the issues in the given example by utilization of different recoloring procedures. Foundation data Haematoxylin and eosin stain(HE stain) is one of the principalstainsinvented forhistological purposes. It is the most broadly utilized color inclinical diagnosisand is frequently gives thegold standard (3). This stain is significant in biopsycell perception of a suspectedcancer (4). A mix of haematoxylinandeosin producesblues orviolets, and reds colors. Haematoxylin ties to DNA and RNA and color the cores blue or violet. Eosin fixes to the proteins or amino acids and stains them red or pink (5). Intracellular cell film, cytoplasmic fibers in muscle tissue, and extracellular strands for the most part get recolored by eosin (3). A disadvantage of haematoxylin recoloring is that it is contradictory with immunofluorescence. Tiny depiction of HE slide A HE recolored slide shows up under optical magnifying lens as follows: Blue or purple hued cores Cytoplasm, basophils, erythrocytes and muscles cells all seem red in shading Collagen and mitochondria are recolored pale pink (3) In the give slide the area demonstrated the followings: Central a regular cells inside lower half squamous epithelium These cells have extraneous cores with clear cytoplasm Sub epithelium contain shade loaded macrophages There was no proof of obtrusive threat Subsequent to analyzing the clinical history and HE slide, no malignant growth cell explicit patter of buildup of heterochromatin was watched. Material and techniques The four chose stains dependent on minute perception were Perls, Masson-Fontana, PAS, and Masson Trichrome (Halls adjustment). Perls stain Perls stain was picked in light of the fact that the color saw in the sub epithelium layer. PAS recoloring was performed to check if the epithelium color is hemosiderin. This stain is primarily utilized in research centers to find the event of iron stores in biopsy example (6). Ferriciron stores in the example tissue (existing commonly as ferric iron inside the capacity proteinferritin) at that point respond with the reasonable ferrocyanide present in the stain to makes an insoluble bluedye (a complex hydrated ferric ferrocyanide substance)in situ. They are then pictured under magnifying lens as blue or purple shades inside the cells (7).This recoloring equation is likewise acclaimed as Perls Prussian blue recoloring method. To assess the outcomes discovered during HE recoloring Perls recoloring can be performed. It can affirm the past discoveries. Masson-Fontana stain This stain was likewise picked for the present of colors in the sub epithelium. Masson-Fontana stain will show positive outcomes if the shade is melanin and negative outcome for hemosiderin. This recoloring strategy is intended for the histopathological investigation of melanocytic injuries. It could be basic to distinguish the melanin shades since its envisioning is a lot of indistinct with haematoxylin-eosin (HE) recoloring (8). The Fontana-Masson (FM) strategy is utilized in histopathology in those sort of sore which allows the recognizable proof of the color. Fontana-Masson strategy is viable for the perception and ID of the melanin shade. It additionally has the advantage of heightening the standard birefringence of collagen strands and to explicitly identify them with the assistance of captivated light microscopy (9). Assorted techniques ought to be utilized and reasoned in equal manners and a relationship of these results must be additionally executed. In this manner, for the examination and investigation of pigmented melanocytic slashes, the improvement of strategies that license a wide-running valuation of injuries in a histological example would be advantageous. PAS recoloring Intermittent Acid Schiff (PAS) recoloring ought to be performed as a result of disease discovery in connective tissue. The connective tissue shows the nearness of contagious contamination. This recoloring is a decent decision for featuring storm cellar cells. Flawless cellar film will dispose of the odds of intrusive carcinoma. PASstaining framework used to find polysaccharides, for example, glycogen, and mucosubstances, for example, glycolipids, glycoproteins, and mucins in tissues (10). PAS stain can be chosen to help in the analysis of various wellbeing circumstances (11) like: Glycogen stockpiling ailment Ewing sarcoma Adenocarcinomas Alveolar delicate part sarcoma Paget ailment of the bosom Recoloring of macrophagesinWhipple's ailment Aspiratory alveolar proteinosis It very well may be used to diagnose1-antitrypsin deficiency if periportal liver hepatocytes stain is confirmed Recognizable proof of fungalinfection. The cell dividers of parasites stain fuchsia. This stain just takes a shot at living organisms Totals of PAS-positive lymphocytes are available in epidermis inMycosis fungoidesand Sezary condition called Pautrier smaller scale abscesses It is utilized to recognize glycogen in lung biopsy tests with aspiratory interstitial glycogenosis (PIG) Erythroleukaemia, a leukemia of youthful red blood corpuscle. These cells tint a brilliant fuchsia It tends to be utilized to highpoint overly cross-connected lipids considerations inceroid lipofuscinosis(NCL) The PAS stain is nearly on a par with GMS recoloring in choice for parasitic contamination. It genuinely uncovers parasitic morphology predominant than the silver stain. This stain can shading broke down parasites that may not be obvious on HE stain (11). Calcific bodies which are once in a while found in caseating granulomas are additionally set apart with PAS recolor and can be mixed up as yeast-like organisms. It is the stain of decision to check the nearness of parasitic disease and to show the cores of yeast-like cells. There are a few disadvantages of utilizing just the HE stain for organisms distinguishing proof. It is frequently dangerous to isolate unwell recolored organisms from cell components. Organisms can be positively unnoticed in HE recolored tests (3). The morphological structures may not be evident and on occasion can be confounding. In this manner exceptional stains for parasitic disease identification are basic for histopathological evaluation (2). Most growths ca n be promptly exhibited with the Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). PAS is likewise meant as wide range contagious stains. Schiff's reagent or PAS Kit is held under room temperature. Along these lines, no additional time is important to warm the reagent and the outcome is accomplished all the more quickly (11). Massons trichrome recoloring Masson's trichrome is a three-shading stainingprocedure applied inhistology. It is reasonable for differentiatingcells from contiguous connective tissue (12). Massons trichrome recoloring was done to isolate sub-epithelial collagenisation. The nearness of uniform ordinary fibrosis can be distinguished by this recoloring which will kill the odds of squamous cell carcinomas. Weigert'shaematoxylin is applied for cores recoloring The Plasma stain containsacid fuchsin,glacial acidic corrosive, Xylidine Ponceau, and refined water Arrangement B containsphosphomolybdic acidin refined water Arrangement C likewise calledfibre stain. It contains Light Green SF yellowish, or alternativelyFast Green FCF. It is utilized to recolor collagen (15) Massons trichrome recoloring is successfully used to examine cardiovascular pathologies (infarct), strong pathologies (solid dystrophy), hepatic pathologies (cirrhosis) or kidney pathologies (glomerular fibrosis). Moreover, it tends to be used to recognize and investigate tumors on kidney and hepatic biopsies (13). Immunohistochemistry stain Immunohistochemical recoloring is widely utilized in the determination of sporadic cell development, for example, those start in malignant tumours.AE1/AE3 can feature the squamous epithelium as this is a wide range cytokerain marker (14). In the event that carcinoma is available the cells will take up the cytokeratin stain. If not odds of intrusive threat will be precluded. Other histopathological stains A few different stains are accessible for performing distinctive histological tests. Mallory's trichrome stain is viable for connective tissue, Weigert's versatile stain and Orcein stain are utilized for flexible filaments, Heidenhain's AZAN trichrome stain for recognizing cells from extracellular segments, Silver stain for distinguishing proof of Reticular strands, nerve strands and parasitic diseases and Wright's stain is appropriate for histological trial of platelets. TheNissl methodandGolgi's methodare broadly utilized for identifyingneurons (15). End The above conversation covers each segment of histological recoloring with respect to the clinical history. Nitty gritty portrayal of exceptional stains and their application is referenced. The insightful examinations in the histopathological locale are essential to perceive the touchy cases for patients and precise test outcomes can guarantee a positive treatment. Along these lines, the ideal and viable measures with prevalent nature of result is noteworthy for a definitive di

Procedure for Import and Export free essay sample

Segment 2(2) characterizes ‘assessment’ as follows †‘Assessment’ incorporates temporary appraisal, reassessment and any request for evaluation in which the obligation surveyed is Nil. Accordingly, ‘assessment’ incorporates ‘Nil’ evaluation. Taking note of Bill of Entry Bill of Entry put together by shipper or Customs House Agent is cross-checked with ‘Import Manifest’ presented by individual responsible for vessel/transporter. It is noted if the depiction counts. ‘Noting’ truly implies taking on record by customs official. This date is applicable for deciding pace of customs obligation. Thoka number (sequential number) is given in the import segment. Else, it is returned for explanations. If there should arise an occurrence of EDI framework, taking note of is finished by the framework itself which additionally creates bill of passage number. Date of introduction of bill of section is exceptionally pertinent and the pace of obligation as appropriate on this date will be considered for figuring the obligation payable. Bill of Entry is acknowledged simply after legitimate investigation versus import show and different affirmations given in bill of passage and appended records like receipt, bill of filling and so on. We will compose a custom exposition test on System for Import and Export or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Worth and characterization of merchandise under disadvantage plan for instance of downside delivering charges Export obligation/cess if relevant Advance License transporting bills are checked to guarantee that depiction in receipt and last item indicated in Advance License matches. In the event that fundamental, examples might be drawn and evaluation might be done after visual assessment or testing Exportability of merchandise under EXIM arrangement and different laws Some fares are completely denied under different Acts e. g. things limited or precluded under Foreign Trade (Regulation) Act; collectibles; workmanship treasures; Arms; opiates and so on. A few things like tea, espresso and coir items can be traded distinctly against authorisation/permit under individual Acts. Assessment of merchandise before trade After transportation bill is passed by send out office, the products are introduced to shed appraiser (trades) in dock for assessment. Products will be inspected by analyst. This review is vital (a) to guarantee that denied merchandise are not traded (b) products count with portrayal and receipt (c) obligation disadvantage, where material, is effectively asserted.

The greatest gift is Love

The greatest gift is Love A woman came out of her house and saw 3 old men with long white beards sitting in her front yard. She did not recognize them.She said, I dont think I know you, but you must be hungry. Please come in and have something to eat.Is the man of the house home?, they asked. No, she said. Hes out.Then we cannot come in, they replied. In the evening when her husband came home, she told him what had happened.Go tell them I am home and invite them in! The woman went out and invited the men in. We do not go into a House together, they replied.Why is that? she wanted to know. One of the old men explained: His name is Wealth, he said pointing to one of his friends, and said pointing to another one, He is Success, and I am Love. Then he added, Now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home.The woman went in and told her husband what was said. Her husband was overjoyed. How nice!!, he said. Since that is the case, let us invite Wealth. Let him come and fill our home w ith wealth!His wife disagreed. My dear, why dont we invite Success?Their daughter-in-law was listening from the other corner of the house. She jumped in with her own suggestion: Would it not be better to invite Love? Our home will then be filled with love!Let us heed our daughter-in-laws advice, said the husband to his wife. Go out and invite Love to be our guest.The woman went out and asked the 3 old men, Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our guest. Love got up and started walking toward the house. The other 2 also got up and followed him. Surprised, the lady asked Wealth and Success: I only invited Love, Why are you coming in?The old men replied together: If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us wouldve stayed out, but since you invited Love, wherever He goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success!Author Unknown

The Vocabulary Builder Workbook is Published!

I’m excited to announce that the Vocabulary Builder Workbook has officially been released on Amazon! The book doesn’t just give you 1,400 important words (though you do get that, too!). You also get word histories, along with helpful example sentences and exercises at the end of each chapter. And because you are seeing how the words work in context, they’ll be more likely to stick. For the ultimate vocabulary one-two combo, many of the words in the Vocabulary Builder Workbook appear in my popular YouTube vocabulary series, better known as Vocabulary Wednesday. All you have to do is type in the vocabulary word and â€Å"Youtube GRE Vocab Wednesday† into Google and the video will come up. For instance, if the word is â€Å"reticent,† you’d type reticent Youtube GRE Vocab Wednesday and you’ll get me describing the word in real time. So whether you need to learn these words for a test, hope to improve your writing, or simply become a sharper thinker, pick up a copy of my Vocabulary Builder Workbook today.

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) - 1952 Words

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Charles L. Lawton General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform my listeners about the truth about PTSD INTRODUCTION I. Attention getter It is common knowledge that, it is normal for humans to feel terror and to also be cautious in a perilous period or event. This normal social response is known as â€Å"fight-or-flight† response, it is a healthy reaction a person has that protects them from harm. When a person has Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, this typically healthy response is altered or impaired. People who experience this mental sickness feel they are continuously in peril, even when the endangerment is no longer existent. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety condition people get after they witness or have a tragic or dangerous event happen to them (VA/DoD, 2005). II. Motivation General, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a very severe and destructive mental disorder. If left untouched this mental disorder can lead to distressing effects on a person’s life. It is always very hard when someone has to go through a trying time or event, and justifiably problems arise from these events. The positive aspect to this mental disorder is that there are great resources available to patients, and there is a light at the end of this mental disorder’s tunnel. Someone can fully recover from this mental disorder and go on to function with stability in everyday life, consisting of a healthy future. It is my hopes as someoneShow MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )990 Words   |  4 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a common anxiety disorder characterized by chronic physical arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts and images of the traumatic event, and avoidance of things that can call the traumatic event into mind (Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner, Nock, 2014). About 7 percent of Americans suffer from PTSD. Family members of victims can also develop PTSD and it can occur in people of any age. The diagnosis for PTSD requires one or more symptoms to beRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1471 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Student’s Name Course Title School Name April 12, 2017  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that many people are facing every day, and it appears to become more prevalent. This disorder is mainly caused by going through or experiencing a traumatic event, and its risk of may be increased by issuesRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Mayo-Clinic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, commonly known as PTSD is defined as â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. 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The literature regarding this topicRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesPost Traumatic Stress Disorder â€Å"PTSD is a disorder that develops in certain people who have experienced a shocking, traumatic, or dangerous event† (National Institute of Mental Health). Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has always existed, PTSD was once considered a psychological condition of combat veterans who were â€Å"shocked† by and unable to face their experiences on the battlefield. Much of the general public and many mental health professionals doubted whether PTSD was a true disorder (NIMH)Read MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )944 Words   |  4 Pageswith Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD Stats). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a mental disorder common found in veterans who came back from war. We can express our appreciation to our veterans by creating more support programs, help them go back to what they enjoy the most, and let them know we view them as a human not a disgrace. According to the National Care of PTSD, a government created program, published an article and provides the basic definition and common symptoms of PTSD. Post-traumaticRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1780 Words   |  8 Pagesmental illnesses. One such illness is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental illness that affects a person’s sympathetic nervous system response. A more common name for this response is the fight or flight response. In a person not affected by post-traumatic stress disorder this response activates only in times of great stress or life threatening situations. â€Å"If the fight or flight is successful, the traumatic stress will usually be released or dissipatedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1444 Words   |  6 PagesYim – Human Stress 2 December 2014 PTSD in War Veterans Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a condition that is fairly common with individuals that have experienced trauma, especially war veterans. One in five war veterans that have done service in the Iraq or Afghanistan war are diagnosed with PTSD. My group decided to focus on PTSD in war veterans because it is still a controversial part of stressful circumstances that needs further discussion. The lifetime prevalence of PTSD amongst war

Using Digital Data Or Digital Information - 1262 Words

In today’s world, people tend to run the majority of their daily errands through the internet. It is easy, convenient, and it saves a lot of time. In one hour someone can make a deposit into his personal bank account, order a medical prescription, pay bills, apply for a loan, get some shopping, and more. All it takes for a customer to be able to do this is having an account with each of this company’s websites. Creating an account is usually a very simple process where the person provides some information and creates a username and a password to be able to return to the website. This information provided by the customer is called: digital data or digital information, which is simply any kind of information in digital format. Digital data can be public or private, it can be kept by the government, banks, medical providers, and other institutions; as well as a freely available on the internet on websites like myspace.com, facebook, LinkedIn, etc. But is our data really sa fe?Along with its many benefits, the march of technology makes an encompassing surveillance network seem almost inevitable. We owe much of the privacy we have enjoyed in the past to a combination of immature technology and insufficient manpower to monitor us. But these protective inefficiencies are giving way to efficiency technologies of data processing and digital surveillance that threaten to eliminate our privacy. Already we are tracked by our credit-card transactions, our passes through the fast lanes atShow MoreRelatedUsing Digital Data Or Digital Information1727 Words   |  7 Pagesprovides some information and creates a username and a password to be able to return to the website. 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The Essay focuses on what is innovate about the government digital service, how sustainable is the operating model, if GSD wasRead MoreDigital Signature1300 Words   |  6 Pages     DIGITAL SIGNATURE A digital signature is an electronic signature that can be used to authenticate the identity of the sender of a message or the signer of a document, and possibly to ensure that the original content of the message or document that has been sent is unchanged. Why use certificate signatures? Many business transactions, including financial, legal, and other regulated transactions, require high assurance when signing documents. When documents are distributed electronicallyRead MoreDigital Communication, Data, And Codes1500 Words   |  6 PagesWhen we enter data onto a computer system or other device by way of the keyboard, each character is encoded into an equivalent binary coded pattern, using one of the standard coding schemes that are used for the transposition of information. 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FPGA based transmitter board and control. ii. AWG and transceiver. ïÆ'Ëœ The system architecture mainly includes i. Transducer array ii. 8-Channel Transmitter iii. 8- Channel Transceiver iv. High voltage pulse v. Digital TX beam former vi. FPGA device vii. User interface (Computer) viii. Analog front end(AFE) ix. Signal processing modules a. Transducer array. Medical ultra sound imaging transducer are excited in two modes i. Linear array mode ii. PhasedRead MoreAuthentic Wine Country s Business Model888 Words   |  4 Pagessuccessfully market to the younger generation in such a business ecosystem, the use of mobile, social, video, cloud and big data must be adopted by Authentic Wine Country. By effectively utilizing the Force 5 Tornado of cloud, social, mobile, video and big data in the digital business model and digital marketing collaboration, Authentic Wine Country can form a strategy for digital business that will lead to a market ecosystem that could provide dominance in the industry (Heisterberg Verma, 2014).Read MoreWe are living in the era of information where billions of bits of data is created in every fraction1200 Words   |  5 PagesWe are living in the era of information where billions of bits of data is created in every fraction of a second and with the advent of internet, creation and delivery of digital data (images, video and audio files, digital repositories, web publishing) has spread like fire. W ith this copying a digital data is easy and fast too so, issues like, copyright protection and proving ownership, arises this causes digital documents to be duplicated, modified and distributed easily. 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This is the technology era, digital privacy is being discussed in related areas, and addressing related issues according in right direction drive towards solution and help to secure more data. Digital privacy focuses and depends on the medium

The Religious Groups Of Jehovah s Witnesses - 1239 Words

â€Å"Persecution is not an original feature in any religion; but it is always the strongly marked feature of all religions established by law,† Thomas Paine (Like Success). Under the first amendment, people are ensured the freedom of establishing a religion and allows the religious group to have the free exercise thereof, but millions of individuals are still persecuted because of their religious preferences (Bill of Rights Institute). The many who wish to serve and worship their God peacefully are often the main subjects of ridicule. More often than not these are Jehovah’s Witnesses. Jehovah’s Witnesses are a religious group that follows the Bible’s principles and uses them as a guideline in order to imitate Jesus -Jehovah’s Son- and serve†¦show more content†¦He has been acquitted of the charges due to the lack of evidence. According to the Deputy Director of Amnesty International’s Europe and Central Asia Programme, John Dalhuise n, â€Å"Today’s court judgment is a violation of Aleksandr’s right to the peaceful expression of his religious views... [His] conviction contradicts Russia’s own legislation as well as its obligations under international human rights laws. It should be quashed.† (USA) This is only one of the many cases that have been reported targeting Jehovah’s Witnesses. Henry David Thoreau, a philosopher, poet, essayist, and an outspoken social critic once wrote, â€Å"I think that we should be men first, and subjects later. It is not desirable to cultivate a respect for the law, so much as for the right. The only obligation which I have the right to assume, is to do my time what I think right. . . Law never made men a whit more just; and, by means of their respect for it, even the well-disposed are daily made the agents of injustice.† (Thoreau). He was later imprisoned for not paying a poll tax, standing for what he believed in, similar to the Jehovahâ €™s Witnesses. Along with Russia there are other countries in which Jehovah’s Witnesses are being prosecuted. These unjust rulings and convictions are happening all over the world. Another particular case was in South Korea. A group of men had suffered harsh consequences for rejecting military service because of their refusal to bear arms. Many of

The Time Period Of The Years Before And After The American...

The time period of the years before and after the American Revolution have been discussed and analyzed by historians and writers. Viewpoints of the founding fathers belief for this countries citizen indelible right of life, liberty and happiness provides a wide range of information for consideration. The major issues of slavery, and the expansion of Western lands would be debated before, and after the American Revolutionary War as well as into the next centuries. These viewpoints are covered by writers that contributes these issues in a breakdown of the different time periods of the American Revolutionary phase: the years prior to 1776, the time period after the War of Independence was fought and the states designed their own individual†¦show more content†¦Linda De Pauw’s contribution of â€Å"Land of the Unfree: Legal Limitations on Liberty in Revolutionary America†, written in a gender method discusses the slavery issue that was carefully overlooked during the time that the Declaration of Independence was composed by Thomas Jefferson. De Pauw discusses the irony of the colonists as they fought for their independence at the same time maintaining the enslavement of the majority of the colonies population. Her article dared to voice the unspoken notion that previous historians’ carefully avoided the issues of slavery. During this time there was enslavements of both blacks and whites, however, there was diffe rent legal restrictions for each classification of color. De Pauw, discusses the majority and minority statistics, reflecting the gender history of the population of the thirteen colonies during this time. Statistics shows the majority of the population were indeed the less fortunate enslaved blacks, indentured white males and all females. Ironically the minority numbers were the actual white males that pursued the liberty of this nation. De Pauw proceeds to analyze the psychological legal ramifications of the majority of the population. She discusses the legal status, traditions and practices that failed to provide the same liberties to all whether black

Engine Lab Report Free Essays

Engine Lab Report Diesel Engine Load/N |Fuel Time/s |dH/mmH2O |Speed/r. p. m |Temp/? |Air consumption/kg/H |Fuel consumption/kg/H |Air-fuel ratio |Power/kw |Efficiency/ % | |40 |121. We will write a custom essay sample on Engine Lab Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now 6 |17. 5 |3018 |26. 6 |130. 16 |2. 47 |52. 7 |4. 5 |0. 019 | |80 |94. 72 |17. 5 |3009 |26. 7 |130. 14 |3. 17 |41. 05 |8. 97 |0. 059 | |125 |72. 76 |17 |3009 |26. 8 |128. 25 |4. 12 |31. 13 |14. 02 |0. 111 | |171 |56. 95 |17 |3000 |26. 9 |128. 23 |5. 72 |24. 33 |19. 12 |0. 161 | |212 |46. 06 |16. 5 |3006 |27. 1 |126. 28 |6. 51 |19. 40 |23. 6 |0. 202 | |232 |41. 20 |17 |3010 |27. 2 |128. 16 |7. 28 |17. 60 |26. 03 |0. 216 | | Petrol Engine Load/N |Fuel Time/s |dH/mmH2O |Speed/r. p. m |Temp/? |Air consumption/kg/H |Fuel consumption/kg/H |Air-fuel ratio |Power/kw |Efficiency/ % | |40 |285 |2 |3000 |26. 8 | 42. 50 | 3. 19 | 13. 32 | 4. 47 |0. 014 | |109 |191 |7 |3000 |27. 4 | 79. 44 | 4. 77 | 6. 65 |12. 19 |0. 072 | |160 |160 |8 |2950 |28. 2 | 84. 81 | 5. 69 | 14. 91 |17. 60 |0. 125 | |248 |110. 5 |14 |3000 |28. 2 | 112. | 8. 24 | 13. 62 |27. 74 |0. 215 | |313 |93. 56 |20 |3000 |28. 3 | 145. 4 | 9. 73 | 14. 94 |35. 01 |0. 290 | |374 |71. 81 |27 |3000 |28. 4 | 168. 9 | 12. 68 | 13. 32 |41. 83 |0. 317 | | [pic] Fig 1 [pic] Fig 2 From Fig 1, we know that air-fuel ratio of the petrol engine is not changing much as the brake power increases, however for the diesel engine, the air-fuel ratio drops as the power increases. This is because the throttle which is situated in the air intake duct of the petrol engine. For the petrol engine, the combustion takes place in the whole cylinder, so the air-fuel ratio should be maintained to make sure the combustion to take place rapidly enough all the time. The throttle will adjust the air-fuel ratio. For the diesel engine, the combustion takes place around individual droplets of the fuel spray, therefore the output is related to the amount of fuel injected, and the air flow is not controlled. Fig 2 shows that the efficiency increases with the power for both engines, however the diesel engine reaches higher efficiency than the petrol engine. This is because, for the diesel engine, the input of the fuel is in the form of fuel spray. The compression of the fuel and air is avoided. This will make the maximum cylinder volume to minimum larger, and leads to higher efficiency. So, the petrol engine should be used in light vehicles because it is lighter than the diesel engine and it can reach higher power than the diesel engine which produces higher speed of the cars. And, the diesel engine should be used for the heavy vehicles, since it has higher efficiency. The heavy cars need to do more work, so the efficiency is more important to them. How to cite Engine Lab Report, Papers Engine Lab Report Free Essays Engine Lab Report Diesel Engine Load/N |Fuel Time/s |dH/mmH2O |Speed/r. p. m |Temp/? |Air consumption/kg/H |Fuel consumption/kg/H |Air-fuel ratio |Power/kw |Efficiency/ % | |40 |121. We will write a custom essay sample on Engine Lab Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now 6 |17. 5 |3018 |26. 6 |130. 16 |2. 47 |52. 7 |4. 5 |0. 019 | |80 |94. 72 |17. 5 |3009 |26. 7 |130. 14 |3. 17 |41. 05 |8. 97 |0. 059 | |125 |72. 76 |17 |3009 |26. 8 |128. 25 |4. 12 |31. 13 |14. 02 |0. 111 | |171 |56. 95 |17 |3000 |26. 9 |128. 23 |5. 72 |24. 33 |19. 12 |0. 161 | |212 |46. 06 |16. 5 |3006 |27. 1 |126. 28 |6. 51 |19. 40 |23. 6 |0. 202 | |232 |41. 20 |17 |3010 |27. 2 |128. 16 |7. 28 |17. 60 |26. 03 |0. 216 | | Petrol Engine Load/N |Fuel Time/s |dH/mmH2O |Speed/r. p. m |Temp/? |Air consumption/kg/H |Fuel consumption/kg/H |Air-fuel ratio |Power/kw |Efficiency/ % | |40 |285 |2 |3000 |26. 8 | 42. 50 | 3. 19 | 13. 32 | 4. 47 |0. 014 | |109 |191 |7 |3000 |27. 4 | 79. 44 | 4. 77 | 6. 65 |12. 19 |0. 072 | |160 |160 |8 |2950 |28. 2 | 84. 81 | 5. 69 | 14. 91 |17. 60 |0. 125 | |248 |110. 5 |14 |3000 |28. 2 | 112. | 8. 24 | 13. 62 |27. 74 |0. 215 | |313 |93. 56 |20 |3000 |28. 3 | 145. 4 | 9. 73 | 14. 94 |35. 01 |0. 290 | |374 |71. 81 |27 |3000 |28. 4 | 168. 9 | 12. 68 | 13. 32 |41. 83 |0. 317 | | [pic] Fig 1 [pic] Fig 2 From Fig 1, we know that air-fuel ratio of the petrol engine is not changing much as the brake power increases, however for the diesel engine, the air-fuel ratio drops as the power increases. This is because the throttle which is situated in the air intake duct of the petrol engine. For the petrol engine, the combustion takes place in the whole cylinder, so the air-fuel ratio should be maintained to make sure the combustion to take place rapidly enough all the time. The throttle will adjust the air-fuel ratio. For the diesel engine, the combustion takes place around individual droplets of the fuel spray, therefore the output is related to the amount of fuel injected, and the air flow is not controlled. Fig 2 shows that the efficiency increases with the power for both engines, however the diesel engine reaches higher efficiency than the petrol engine. This is because, for the diesel engine, the input of the fuel is in the form of fuel spray. The compression of the fuel and air is avoided. This will make the maximum cylinder volume to minimum larger, and leads to higher efficiency. So, the petrol engine should be used in light vehicles because it is lighter than the diesel engine and it can reach higher power than the diesel engine which produces higher speed of the cars. And, the diesel engine should be used for the heavy vehicles, since it has higher efficiency. The heavy cars need to do more work, so the efficiency is more important to them. How to cite Engine Lab Report, Essay examples

Klee Essay Example For Students

Klee Essay Paul Klee was a Swiss painter, watercolorist, and etcher. He was a master of modern art, and his work is known for its imagination. Klee lived most of his life in Switzerland, but was a German citizen, born in Munchenbuchsee on December 18, 1879. At the age of nineteen in 1898 he moved to Munich, and studied art at a private school and at the Munich Academy. His first works were pencil landscape studies showing the influence of impressionism. Until before 1912 he created many black and white etchings, with overtones of fantasy and satire, which show influence of expressionism. From 1920 to 1931 Klee was a teacher at the Bauhaus. He was inspired to use color, when he visited North Africa in 1914. He declared himself possessed by color during this period of his mature style. For the following 20 years his artwork proved a mastery of delicate, dreamlike color harmonies, which he mostly used to make flat, semiabstract compositions, as in Pastoral. Klee was also a master draftsman, creating elaborated line drawings that grew out of fantasy or dream imagery, he described his technique as taking a line for a walk. He suffered a progressive skin and muscular disease in 1935. In this period he reflected his pain with brooding and gloomy works that where characterized by thick, crayon like lines and large areas of subdued color. An example of this is the nightmarish Death and Fire.On June 29, 1940 Klee died at Muralto, Switzerland. His work has influenced the 20th-century surrealist and nonobjective artists and was a major inspiration for the budding abstract expressionist movement.

Present Learning Provides a Critical Analysis of the Article Named

Question: How Present Learning Provides A Critical Analysis Of The Article Named? Answer: Introduction The present learning provides a critical analysis of the article named Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research and written and edited by the author, Paul V Dunmore that fundamentally investigates the optimistic approach to the research of accounting. The present section represents the synopsis of the editorial, questions on research, hypothetical structure of the writing along with the consequence and the restriction of the learning and finally the reasoning from the study. The current examination illuminates in extensive detail the optimistic accounting in a broader intellect of a platform of research that fundamentally intends at the developing of a variety of causal designs of human performances in the background of accounting. Yet again, the current study also looks into detail about the ontology along with the epistemology of the program of research and study. The underlying principle of statistical theory testing is said to be lower and the same is apparently corresponding to the Poppers production criterion. The universal disputes takes account of casual production of different hypothetical models that wishes to be examined, unwarranted dependence on the underlying principle of theory testing, be deficient of interest in miscellaneous numerical values of diverse considerations, inadequate repetition to guarantee assurance in accepted annotations and the employment of theories for the inspection of the qualitative information rather than designs. The assignment has thus a motive of providing a concise general idea of the article provided. Additionally, the education would have a crucial aim on recognition of the study proposals along with clarification of its value and the modus operandi through which it has drawn closer from the re-examination of literature. To finish off, the theoretical assembly attached with the proposition and inadeq uacy of the article has been demonstrated briefly. Summary of the article The article on Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research significantly assesses the ontology and the epistemology of optimistic study. This piece of writing also takes into description the manner of the present exercise of book-keeping research does not meet up the desires indispensable for functioning of the variety of range of the research program efficiently and successfully (Uno Bartelmus, 2013). The current examination shed light on comprehensively the constructive accounting in a widespread intelligence of a investigation stand up that essentially intends at the budding and growing of the numerous fundamental illustrations of human performance in the background of accounting (Yee Khin, 2015). The existing study also investigates miscellaneous reasons of human performance in outsized as well as complicated organizations in which the straight face to face communications are unavoidably replaced with by unfriendly procedures of attainment of information required for judgmen t making processes. In accumulation to this, the piece of writing also considers extensive intellectual projects that has both ontological and epistemological hypothesis and becomes aware of the deficiencies connected to the accounting research i.e. positive in nature and that fundamentally put a stop to the equivalent from building constructive contributions to broad schemes and plans. The editorial under contemplation also presents a scientific study plan where logical enquiries are initiated for firm imposition and establishment of the investigation theory (Rogers Van Buskirk, 2013). Subsequently, the editorial gives further details about the illustrative occurrences of the positive research in the accounting system provided in the study. From then on, the existing paper also explicates in details the perceptions of the technical ontology and the epistemology and implements the misrepresentation and the theory testing and gives explanation about, how assumptions are erroneous. Thereafter, the qualit ative optimistic study reflects the reason that to all intents and purposes become conversant with the expansion of initial understanding of definite specific occurrence before making efforts of quantitative capacity. Another purpose of the qualitative optimistic study is to observe theories (Smith, 2014). Subsequently, the underlying principle as well as limitations of statistical proposition is examined and the consequence on the positive study curriculum is also analysing in detailed format. In addition, the learning also clarifies illustratively the needs of a flourishing optimistic research program that fundamentally includes susceptible models tested severely, logical modelling, attentiveness on dimension and duplication (Setyorini Ishak, 2012). Based on the conclusions of the learning, the current paper ultimately presents the convincing conclusions and the proposals for undergoing the quantitative constructive study. Research Questions The investigation questions placed in the active article examines the following ones: To scrutinize whether the optimistic research program is a broader theory than the constructive accounting hypothesis The coverage to which optimistic research in book-keeping can lend a hand in the accomplishing dissimilar scientific goals The behaviour in which the Kuhns design of the common science can release or set free the optimistic accounting in achievement of its possibility (Miller Power, 2013) The technique aspects of both the ontology and epistemology guesses can have an effect on the specific program of research As a result, the research problems outlined for the study are: How optimistic research in book-keeping can help in achievement of a variety of the scientific aims and goals? How the hypothesizing, testing as well as monitoring within a specific theory as projected by Kuhn can facilitate in energizing positive accounting? How both the ontology as well as epistemology characteristics can have an effect on particular program of research? Theoretical Framework The current segments demonstrate the hypothetical structure of the study on the optimistic accounting theory. This fundamentally explicates in specifications, the structure or else the configuration that can support the whole theoretical thoughts as well as ideas of the current research teaching (Jones Aiken, 2015). As such, the hypothetical structure elucidates the base of the research difficulty of the current learning and authenticates diverse theories as well as information that are pertinent for the area under consideration (Bhaskar, 2013). The hypothetical structure of the present piece of writing refers to the justifications regarding the methodical ontology and epistemology concerned in the constructive accounting. The conception of book-keeping deals with the proceeds, income, costs, loss and depreciation and many others. On the other hand, the viewpoint of ontology reflects the piece of evidence that there are fundamental assumptions on the subject of the continuation of r ealism that basically keep up a correspondence to the idea of realism assumption in viewpoint (Jones, 2015). The presumptions based on the suppositions of ontology can be considered to be deficient in case if one tries to comprehend the implications along with the roles of accounting in business as well as humanity in fine points. On the other hand, it can be inferred that an optimistic ontology and epistemology can possibly turn out to be accurate but are not illogical or else unsound (Bonin, 2013). Optimistic research in field of the communal sciences has to presuppose approaches that can turn a variety of interpretations into well-substantiated causal perceptions. Significance and Limitation of the article The existing article lend a hand in gaining profound understanding of the constructive accounting from the wider viewpoint of a investigation program that fundamentally has an intention to build up detailed causal relations of human activities in book-keeping set. This learning also helps to look into deep insight of the academic research scheme under technical research that can lend a hand in understanding the cause and effect associations in the world. The research also facilitates in accepting the scientific study program in both money matters as well as book-keeping that can be illustrated as the optimistic research (Deegan, 2013). The study demonstrates by means of different instances, the piece of information that the optimistic research plan is wider than the Positive book-keeping Theory. The editorial also assists in achievement of the knowledge concerning different accounting hypothesis and the manner normal skill of Kuhn can be looked upon to be appropriate for the optimistic accounting research. Nevertheless, the most important outputs include statistically important results but fundamentally include uninterruptable coefficient connecting the dissimilar inference dimensions that are not measured to be dependable from one illustration to another (Gaffikin Aitken, 2014). On the other hand, there are also definite restrictions of the study on the optimistic accounting investigation. The underlying principle behind the arithmetical hypothesis testing related to the Poppers misrepresentation and deception determination is very feeble. The building of diverse informal theoretical models that are observed is a restraint of the preparation of the optimistic accounting study. However, there are gaps amid the genuine practice of optimistic accounting research and what is essential for carrying an effectual involvement to the academic program that is offered in the learning. Additionally, the explanation of Kuhn that is illustrating to be appropriate also does not recommend point of view concerning the globe that unavoidably science proposes to look at and can be measured to be a nonpractical person in nature (Modell, 2013). Furthermore in addition to this, the association between the conception of ontology of a specific assumption and the reason of reality can be well thought-out to be elusive in nature. Yet another restriction of the learning is that it acknowledged the information that the advancement rate of scientific venture is sluggish. So, in order to completely contribute to the scientific venture, accounting can also make very leisurely advancement and the current progress is also very deceptive in nature (Coad et al., 2016). Conclusion The present study has examined that the ontology and the epistemology characteristics of the optimistic research and has taken into reflection a wide variety of current practices of book-keeping that does not congregate the necessary criterion for functioning as a victorious research program. Based on the conclusions of the learning, it can be hereby concluded that dissimilar luxurious models branching from analytical marks cannot be experienced as they are not tractable or are not sufficiently developed. Consequently, as per the learning it can be hereby determined that there is a prerequisite for improved dimension that can be experienced meticulously. Additionally, the optimistic research program also requires incorporating opinion and shift the centre from theory testing as meaning of statistic depends on the specific example that might diverge and cannot be controlled in duplication. In addition, the research also gives the ending that there is requirement for data documentation for the details of different noteworthy concepts and extensive duplication to authenticate winding up from testing of particular theory, conformation of correctness of explorations and enumerations of restrictions of functioning of different research interpretations in optimistic accounting. References Bhaskar, R., 2013. A realist theory of science. Routledge. Bonin, H., 2013. Generational accounting: theory and application. Springer Science Business Media. Coad, A., Coad, A., Jack, L., Jack, L., Kholeif, A. Kholeif, A., 2016. Strong structuration theory in accounting research. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal, 29(7), pp.1138-1144.. Deegan, C., 2013. Financial accounting theory. McGraw-Hill Education Australia. Gaffikin, M. Aitken, M., 2014. The Development of Accounting Theory (RLE Accounting): Significant Contributors to Accounting Thought in the 20th Century. Routledge. Jones, S. (Ed.)., 2015.The routledge companion to financial accounting theory. Routledge. Jones, S., Aiken, M., 2015. Evolution of early practice descriptive theory in accounting.The Routledge Companion to Financial Accounting Theory, p.91. Miller, P. Power, M., 2013. Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory. The Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), pp.557-605. Modell, S., 2013. Making sense of social practice: theoretical pluralism in public sector accounting research: a comment. Financial Accountability Management, 29(1), pp.99-110 Rogers, J.L. Van Buskirk, A., 2013. Bundled forecasts in empirical accounting research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 55(1), pp.43-65. Setyorini, C.T. Ishak, Z., 2012. Corporate social and environmental disclosure: A positive accounting theory view point. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(9). Smith, M., 2014.Research methods in accounting. Sage. Uno, K., Bartelmus, P. (Eds.)., 2013.Environmental accounting in theory and practice(Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. Yee, C.M. Khin, E.W.S., 2015. Positivist Research and its Influence in Management Accounting Research. Journal of Accounting Perspectives, 3(1).

Common SAT Essay Topics That You Should Know

Common SAT Essay Topics That You Should KnowCommon SAT essay topics cover a wide range of subjects. They include; class meetings, school fairs, community and sports events, lectures, conferences, experiments, theories, and new inventions. These are some of the essay topics that students will see on the SAT exams. In order to be effective in a presentation, you must consider the options available for you.It is a good idea to read up on topics that students will encounter in the essays. You may be able to find great resources online that will answer your questions. This can make preparing for your SAT essays a lot easier. Before you begin writing, though, it is important to sit down and write out a few topics that you might encounter.The main ideas in each topic should be clear. The rest of the details should be in the writing. It is important to make sure that your students understand your points. Many people find it helpful to write about their topics before they read them. If your s tudents already know the main ideas, they may be able to connect to the essay better.After you have a list of common topics, you will want to take a practice sample and review the topics. Keep in mind that some topics may be written in a different style than others. You may want to write in a more formal tone to avoid struggling in the topic.You can try to be more detailed in a specific topic. Write your analysis on topics that you already know well. Make sure that you know your point well enough to be effective. There are several different ways to do this. As an example, if you know the main ideas of a topic, try to write out your thoughts using a more formal tone.The best way to get a detailed understanding of a particular topic is to read a chapter or two of the book that is included in the test. You can ask your teacher or a tutor to help you with a chapter if you need to. You will also want to practice your written communication skills by reading some more articles or books rel ated to the topic.In the final step of your preparation, you will want to practice writing your essay. Make sure that you are able to sit down and write about the ideas that you are going to present. You will need to make sure that your student knows what to expect and how to process your information.You should also try to look up the sample essays for the common SAT essay topics. It will help you see how the actual exam will go. By making use of the resources that are available to you, you will be able to prepare for the exam better.

Cognitive behavioral therapy Essay Example

Cognitive behavioral therapy Paper Can a humanistic model of counselling be integrated with a cognitive (or cognitive – behavioural) one? Discuss with reference to Rogers and either Beck or Egan. In the first part of this essay I will summarise the main features of humanistic counselling and the cognitive approach. Rogers used a humanistic person centred approach to therapy and I will look at his view of people, their potential, what goes wrong and what can help them to change. Egan was a cognitive therapist and I will address the above points in relation to his â€Å"Skilled Helper† model. Similarities and key differences in theory, practise and value base between the two approaches will then be discussed. In the second part of the essay, I will use my own previous experience as a client to show how an experienced counsellor can integrate aspects of these two models effectively. I will then look at potential difficulties in making the humanistic and cognitive approach to therapy fit together successfully. I will give a critical analysis of these models, with particular reference to my own therapy and general diversity of needs within the client group. The concluding paragraph will contain an abridgement of the main points covered within the essay. Humanistic therapy emphasises the therapeutic relationship advocated by Rogers with the three core conditions of empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard. Without these conditions present Rogers asserts that the counselling will be ineffective. Humanistic therapy is non- directive and optimistic. Rogers, (2008 p. 137) supports this viewpoint â€Å"The person centred approach, depends on the actualising tendency present in every living organism, the tendency to grow, to develop, to realise its full potential†. We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive behavioral therapy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive behavioral therapy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Cognitive behavioral therapy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer A humanistic therapist s uses active listening skills including clarifying, paraphrasing, reflecting and summarising. The therapist being non-judgemental is essential to the success of person centred therapy. The only ‘tool’ required in the counselling Page two room is ‘the self’; the relationship in and of itself, with the ‘safe space’ for the client to freely express emotions accomplishing the healing. Egans cognitive approach is a directive, systematic, cumulative, problem solving three stage model of helping. Stage one considers the clients present scenario; the counsellor encourages the client to tell their story; using core conditions, active listening skills plus a few challenging questions enabling the counsellor to understand the client’s present frame of reference. Stage two considers the preferred scenario; using directive questions prefixed with words like ‘how’ and ‘in what way,’ the client is moved towards a more objective understanding, an alternative way of viewing their world. The client is encouraged to develop Goals and objectives based on opportunities for future action. Stage three A strategic action plan workable within the clients lifestyle moving them towards desired outcomes is formulated, with plans for future evaluation. Egan (1990 p. 29) identifies one of the main roles of the counsellor in this process â€Å"Counsellors can help their clients empower themselves by helping them identify and develop unused or underused opportunities and potential†. Egan’s model provides principles as guidelines, the correct formula; taking action to valued outcomes is individually tailored to each client, including homework for the client on agreed goals. Rogers views the person as having an inner core to his personality which he terms the organism. The instinctual, somatic, sensory unselfconscious aspect of a human being, as opposed to the reflective, measured and self-conscious part that he describes as the self. Rogers considers, as stated by Embleton, L. ( 2004 p. 32 ) â€Å" that the organism is trustworthy and does not need to be controlled or directed from the outside†. He considers people to be social, self-regulatory and responsible for their own actions, with a natural tendency towards growth and self-actualisation. Each person is valued as a unique individual. Within Humanistic therapy the potential is there for the re integration of self and organism, thus Page three enabling self-actualisation to take place. A phrase used by Kierkegaard the first modern existentialist – to be that self which one truly is – I feel expresses the idea of self-actualisation very well, indicating the potential for growth and change believed by Rogers to be inherent within all of us. Rogers puts forward the view that the client held in the therapeutic relationship, when given the freedom to fully experience his feelings realises his potential to experience being (increased self- awareness) and becoming (self-actualisation). What goes wrong, thus bringing a client into therapy? Rogers considers the problem to be lack of balance in a person’s life, conflict between what has been internalised as belief, conditions of worth and values, and what the person is presently experiencing. Dissolution of protective defence mechanisms that had previously enabled the client to function in their daily life, leads as they experience a life changing event to dysfunction with mental, emotional and sometimes physical disintegration. To reverse this process and bring about reintegration and balance through humanistic therapy, the relationship needs to be firmly established and the core conditions of the therapeutic relationship modelled by the therapist. Within this relationship conditions of worth are minimised. The positive regard offered by the counsellor facilitates an increase in the client’s positive self-regard leading to reintegration and ultimately self-actualisation. Egan views people as being subject to operant conditioning. In essence â€Å"in any situation or in response to any stimulus, the person has available a repertoire of possible responses and emits the behaviour that is reinforced or rewarded† (Mc Leod p. 126). Egan considers that the client’s repertoire of available responses and processing of information mostly learned during childhood will be uniquely theirs, and may not presently be serving their best interests. The cognitive therapist will Page four look for unused or unrecognised life enhancing potential within the client. Egan views peoples actions as a direct result of their feelings and the thinking (cognition) preceding them. People have the potential to unlearn behaviour that does not serve their vital interests and replace it with learned appropriate behaviour. The therapist using ‘The Skilled Helper’ model is able to facilitate the client’s understanding of what is going on for them right now, what they would like to be happening and to assist them in developing strategies, achievable goals and an action plan to get them there. Both cognitive and humanistic therapists are in agreement that the counsellor needs first to establish the core conditions of empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard with their client. During the first stage of the cognitive approach when the client is telling their story as in person centred therapy active listening skills are used. The cognitive therapist will also add challenging the client’s perception of their present situation, which is directly in opposition to the total acceptance of the clients frame of reference proffered by the humanistic therapist. Who has the answer to the client’s problem? The humanistic therapist places their trust in the client, and their innate ability to resolve their own issues and reach their full potential. The counsellor listens to the client clarifying even those issues which may be just below the client’s level of awareness. â€Å"Listening of this very special active kind is one of the most potent forces for change that I know† (Rogers2008p. 136). Cognitive therapy sees people as needing direction and guidance to resolve their problems. This therapeutic approach has a rather pessimistic view of people seeing them as innately sinful, destructive, and lazy or a combination of all three; the client being unable to be trusted without assistance to ‘find their own way’. A structured disciplined approach is used in cognitive therapy the value of the therapy is considered to be dependent upon the achievement of set goals and actions by the client. The desired end result Page five is discussed and set with the client very early on in the therapy. The counsellor has in mind at the outset how the therapy will progress, and what needs to be accomplished as the client is encouraged to move from stage one through to stage three. In humanistic therapy the client chooses what will be brought to each session not the counsellor. There is no structured problem solving or set goal, and the right time to end therapy is ideally decided by the client. The client’s autonomy is highly valued. Rogers speaks of a ‘directional flow’ moving the client towards growth, healing and the self-actualisation considered by Maslow to be the pinnacle of achievement that all human beings are striving for. For either therapy to work Egan and Rogers both agree that there has to be a willingness by the client to engage in the therapy. They put forward slightly different reasons for resistance in some clients. Rogers (2008 p. 213) feels that â€Å"resistance to the therapist is entirely due to too much probing or too rapid interpretation on the part of the counsellor†. Egan(1990 p. 169) puts forward the idea that resistance refers to â€Å" the reaction of clients who in some way feel coerced†. Both therapeutic approaches stress, that for therapy to be effective the inevitable power differential between client and counsellor needs to be minimised. Also individuality including aspects of the client’s culture religion and gender should be valued and respected by the therapist. I can foresee potential difficulties for myself as a newly qualified therapist in using the two approaches together effectively as I may lack the expertise to know when to use each model and with which client. As I gain in experience and self-awareness I anticipate making effective use of both therapeutic models within my practise. My training uses an integrative approach and I plan to use a variety of different therapies in my future work. I was fortunate to see cognitive and humanistic approaches well modelled by my Page six personal therapist over the eighteen months of our work together. When I entered personal therapy all of the structure in my life had vanished. My defence mechanisms spoken of by Rogers had been breached. I had little self-worth and low self-esteem blaming myself for remaining in a physically and emotionally abusive relationship for thirty four years. In April 2008 as I sat for the first time opposite a counsellor I was vulnerable, frightened and suicidal. I am sure for several months I would have been incapable of rising to the challenge of a cognitive approach. I did not at that time have the mental and emotional capacity to set goals or the motivation to see them through. Using a rather gentler person centred approach the therapeutic conditions of empathy, congruence and unconditional positive regard were established as we worked through various issues and emotions. About half way through my therapy we came to a ‘sticking point’. I had developed an eating disorder and the humanistic model didn’t seem to be helping me. My counsellor opted for a cognitive approach at this stage and asked me to keep a food diary. Together we set goals; the desired outcome was for me to eat healthy food three times a day. At this point I was ready for a challenge. In achieving these goals my self-esteem was boosted. Egan 1990 p. 37 states â€Å"Ideally, clients by their actions come to â€Å"own† the helping process instead of being the objects of it†. This is exactly what happened to me; as from then on I took a more active part in my own therapy. The positive regard shown by my therapist at all times empowered me to ‘own my healing process’. For me the integration of the two different approaches gave the best therapeutic outcome. Had my therapist initially used only a cognitive approach I am sure I would have felt overwhelmed. My life had recently involved massive changes I did not feel capable at that time of working towards further change. It would have appeared too intrusive and directive. I would have been resistant to Page seven the therapy and stopped attending, possibly prejudicing future therapy. Later cognitive therapy was used very effectively when I reached a ‘sticking point’. People are unique bringing their own values and beliefs to therapy. These may be shaped by culture, religion, gender, class or ethnic origin. Any or all of these will have an impact on the counselling relationship, and which therapeutic approach might be most effective in helping a particular client. Native Americans tend to resent being coerced and motivated into doing things, they prefer to work things out for themselves; a counsellor therefore may find a humanistic approach suits this client. In contrast â€Å"A characteristic of certain ethnic minority groups is the desire for a structured relationship in which the counsellor is cast as an expert giving advice and solutions to problems, a therapist who is active, authoritative and directive† (Patterson C. H. ). This client may not be able to engage with person centred therapy but benefit from the more directive cognitive approach. Care must be taken however not to stereotype a particular client group In conclusion I have looked at both humanistic and cognitive therapies, their similarities and differences. Having myself experienced both therapies effectiveness in the healing process, I can see how they could be used at different times with the same client. However, therapy needs to be uniquely tailored to the individual clients needs with particular reference to the diversity of culture, religion, ethnicity and values found within all humanity. Word count 2166 Page eight References Egan, G. ed. (1990) The Skilled Helper. Loyola University of Chicago, Brooks/Cole. Publishing company Pacific Grove California. Embleton, L. et al. (2004) The Person Centred Approach. A contemporary introduction. U. K. Palgrave Macmillan. Mc Leod, J. ed. (2008) Behavioural methods in counselling. IN: Mc Leod, J. An introduction to Counselling. Finland. W. S. Bookwell. Patterson, C. H. Multicultural Counselling: From diversity to Universality. Available at. [Accessed 10 December 2010]. Rogers, C. ed. (2008). The therapeutic relationship. IN Kirshenbaum, H. Land Henderson, V. The Carl Rogers Reader. Great Britain. Constable. Rogers, C. ed. (2008). Theory and research. IN: Kirsenbaum,H. Land Henderson, V. The Carl Rogers Reader. Great Britain.

Medusa The Snake Haired Woman With A Deadly Stare Professor Ramos Blog

Medusa The Snake Haired Woman With A Deadly Stare Why is it that Medusa is considered a frightening monster? Is it the snakes on her scalp or, is it because with a mere stare directed your way she can literally petrify you? There are numerous myths surrounding this supernatural being that have been recorded through time. I will use some literary works to help better understand the story of Medusa and how she came to be this monster everyone knows today. Medusa is a woman who was very beautiful with healthy wonderful hair that was comparable to Athena, the goddess of wisdom. She was Athenas priestess, someone with an importance in religious position. The goddess of wisdom had gotten in an argument with her love interest and also being another god, Poseidon the god of the sea. Poseidon then became furious with Athena and he later on spotted Medusa who he could not take his eyes off of. With the knowledge of knowing Medusas rank in Athens where Athena would associate frequently, Poseidon decided to sexually abuse her because he knew that she believed and worshipped Athena. Medusa then quickly reached out to Athena for aid on the previous traumatic experiences she has been through. Once Athena was aware of these events she was with enraged with Medusa and curses her by creating the famous monster who could turn any man into stone with direct contact. This was a punishment from the goddess because she was sexually abused by Poseidon and because her beauty was compared to her own and Athena was not pleased with that. Medusa was banished from Athens and her location was told to be unknown. She was the only mortal out of the two sisters she had, making her a target to many onlookers. Eventually, Medusa was killed by a man named Perseus who received aid from the gods including Athena to defeat her because of her vile actions after she was cursed. One of the versions of Medusa is from the book Medusa: Solving the Mystery of The Gorgon where she is described as a deadly creature. Her appearance has varied from her having scaly skin with sharp teeth to being in human form with an unsightly face. â€Å"The Gorgons had scaly heads, boars tusks, brazen hands, and wings. They had protruding tongues, glaring eyes, and serpents wrapped around their waists as belts† (Wilk 21). Even though later in time Medusa’s appearance kept changing, her ability to turn any being into stone remained the same. Now, Medusa in Clash of The Titans† appears as a half woman half snake creature. In the film specifically her face only turns hideous at will when she makes direct contact with another person or living being. â€Å"The Ashgate Encyclopedia of Literary and Cinematic Monsters†characterizes Medusa as a vile and horrible monster. â€Å"In later narratives, which focus much more fully on Medusa than on her two sisters, Medusa is presented as an Underworld monster connected to death† (Kaleta). She is comprehended in these three sources as a woman with countless deaths in her hands due to the capability of converting humans into statues. Overall based on the illustrations of Medusa in these sources, she has not been changed a lot. Her look usually goes back and forth from her being in human form or part creature part human. Medusa’s story on the other hand typically stays the same. Medusa for me would easily get a rating of four out of five. She can straightforwardly be in the category of a monster. Not many monsters have snakes in replacement of ha ir, this is just part of Medusa’s unique appearance. Cohen has seven total theses that hypothesizes what a monster is. His first thesis â€Å"The Monster’s Body Is a Cultural Body† explains that appearance as well as the rituals done by the monster is based of off culture. This applies to this creature because in certain stories it is told that Medusa’s lair is full of statues from countless people and animals. Most people will clearly understand who is responsible for all the human figured stones. Medusa’s work is widely known throughout time and the world. Even after Perseus slays Medusa and decapitates her head, her ability to turn people into stone is still intact.The meaning of Medusa in Greek means to protect or rule. Perseus used Medusa’s bodiless head to defeat his foes and protect his loved ones. Her body is a cultural body and more specifically her head. Also the description of her skin is covered in scales and her lower body is part snake. These are signifying that snakes are dangerous, whe n one is in front of a snake one of the first instincts is to slowly move away because quick movements tells the animal that they are in danger and snakes defend themselves by biting with thier poisonous fangs. Thesis number two is all about how The Monster Always Escapes. This ties into medusas story and herself because in the article The Ashgate Enc of Literary and Cinematic Monsters, it reads that there have been a lot of fighters attempting to slay Medusa but all of them failed. The one to finally defeat her was Perseus but, he did not do it alone. Perseus got aid from Athena the goddess of wisdom who gave him a shield that could be used as a mirror to see Medusas reflection on the shield without staring at her directly. Hermes the messenger for the gods gave the young man a pair of shoes that had wings, that was used to travel to his destination. Perseus also got a sword from Zues the god of thunder. The last item was a cap of invisibility given to him by Hades the god of the Underworld. After her death, Medusa becomes a guardian in Hades, the land of the dead. It is there that Hercules later meets her (Kaleta). After death her soul still lives on and is introduced in other heros story meaning that she always escapes and reappears. The next thesis is his third one, The Monster is The Harbinger of Category Crisis. The is basically meaning that the monster Refuses easy categorization (Cohen 6). Categories such as appearance, time period, or the setting. Medusa perfectly fits into this thesis because she is part animal and part human. She also has snakes on her head instead of hair, and snake like fangs (Kaleta). Many people feared Medusa in the past because she kills people instantly with just a simple look in the eyes. Fear consumed people because Medusa causes death. â€Å"The monster is continually linked to forbidden practices, in order to normalize and to enforce. The monster also attracts.The same creatures who terrify and interdict can evoke potent escapist fantasies; the linking of monstrosity with forbidden makes the monster all the more appealing as a temporary egress from constraint† (Cohen 16). This is part of the passage from thesis number six, Fear of The Monster Is Really a Kind of Desire. Medusa is a creature that several fighters in the past that were eager to slay her. There was a type of thirst of being the one to defeat Medusa that many warriors urged to fulfil. This is a reason why there were a great amount of statues in Medusa’s lair. So many of the men failed up until Perseus won the battle against her. The final thesis that will be discussed from Cohen’s article will be thesis number seven â€Å" The Monster Stands at the Threshold†¦ of Becoming.† To sum up, we ourselves are the ones responsible for how monsters came to be, the monsters are our offspring. We are the reason they were created, it could be based on how they were treated or how the world classified them. Being seen as a certain thing can convince people to believe that is what they are. To summarize, Medusa is a great monster, throughout time she has been a woman of beauty who was cursed by the goddess Athena. Medusas physical form and appearance is then described as ugly and displeasing to the eye. Due to her change in appearance, she had the power to turn any man into stone with a simple glare. Cohens thesis apply to Medusa based on her story and physical features. She was not born a monster, but created and many feared her abilities. Because of her uniqueness and many desired to defeat her but only one succeeded, Perseus. After being defeated Medusa still managed to reappear in other heroes tale. Medusa is a monster that continuously comes to surface in literary work. Through time Medusa is somehow always reintroduced, a monster written throughout our time. Work Cited Page Clash of The Titans (2010)- Medusas Lair Scene (6/10). Youtube, uploaded by Movieclips, 22 December 2016, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FY00zwMZsqM.   Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome. â€Å"Monster Culture: Seven Theses.† From Monster Theory: Reading Culture. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996. 3-25. Kaleta, Marcin Konrad. Medusa. The Ashgate Encyclopedia of Literary and Cinematic Monsters, Jeffrey Andrew Weinstock, Ashgate Publishing, 1st edition, 2014. Credo Reference, https://search.credoreference.com/content/entry/ashgtmonster/medusa/0?institutionId=5312. Kayden, Spencer. â€Å"The Hunt for Medusa’s Head. (Cover Story).† Scholastic Scope, vol. 60, no. 2, Sept. 2011, p. 14. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=f6hAN=70047471site=ehost-live. Leterrier, Louis, director. Clash of The Titans. Warner Brothers, 2010.Wilk, Stephen R. Medusa†¯: Solving the Mystery of the Gorgon. Oxford University Press, 1999. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=e000xnaAN=41702site=ehost-live.